Reading books
READING BOOKS
a) Types of literature (druhy literatury):
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Non-fiction [nonfikšn] (odborná literatura): art book umělecká publikace atlas [ætləs] atlas Bible [baibl] bible biography [bai’ogrəfi] životopis encyclopaedia [in,saiklə’pi:diə] encyklopedie technical and scientific literature [saiən’tifik] odborná a vědecká literatura textbook učebnice travelogue [trævlog] cestopis Fiction (beletrie): adventure novel/story [əd’venčə] dobrodružný román/povídka comics [komiks] komiks crime novel [kraim] detektivní román fable [feibl] bajka fairy tale [feəri teil] pohádka folk literature [fəuk] lidová slovesnost |
historical novel / story historický román/povídka juvenile literature [džu:vənail] dětská literatura legend [ledžənd] legenda novel [novl] román novel of contemporary life [kən’temporəri] román ze současného života pulp novel [palp] brak romance [rəu‘mæns] milostný román science fiction / sci-fi [sai-fai] vědeckofantastická literatura short story povídka spy novel [spai] špionážní román thriller [θrilə] detektivka western kovbojka, western Poetry: children’s rhyme [raim] dětské říkanky collection / book of poems [kə’lekšn] básnická sbírka poem [pəuim] báseň |
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· What is the difference between non-fiction and fiction? Which books belong to non-fiction? · What are the main genres of the fiction? · What kind of literature is usually read by: - children - teenagers - adults? · What does the term pulp novel say about the book? · Look at the groups of words and decide in what kind of book they probably occur: - knight, poltergeist, dragon, wizard; - saloon, gunfighter, Red Indians, horse, villain; - king, knight, castle, war; |
- space rocket, extra-terrestrial beings, time machine, colonization of an unknown planet; - Europe, rivers, mountain ranges, Equator; - Gothic architecture, Renaissance paintings, Baroque church, antique furniture; - Fox, Crow, cheese; - wrecked ship, deserted island, Robinson, jungle; - bank robbery, investigation of the police, murderer; |
b) What is in a book? (co je v knize)
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author’s name [o:θəz] jméno autora title of the book [taitl] název knihy title page [peidž] titulní stránka chapter [čæptə] kapitola contents [kən’tent] obsah introduction [intrə’dakšn] úvod |
summary [saməri] resumé, stručný obsah; shrnutí bibliography [bibli’ogrəfi] bibliografie; seznam použité literatury reference [refərens] odkaz (na co) illustration [ilə’streišn] ilustrace book jacket [buk džækit] knižní obal |
first published in... [pablišt] poprvé vydána v hardback edition [ha:dbæk i'dišn] vázaná kniha (s tuhými deskami) paperback edition [peipəbæk] brožovaná kniha (s měkkými deskami) epilogue [epilog] doslov* preface [prefis] předmluva |
c) Subject and setting of a book (námět, místo a doba děje):
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basic subject / theme [sabdžəkt/ θi:m] hlavní téma be interested in personal relationship zajímat se o osobní vztahy deal with st.(dealt/dealt) [di:l/delt] pojednávat (o čem) describe st. [dis’kraib] popisovat (co) |
give a picture of... podat obraz (čeho) setting [setiŋ] místo a doba děje the story is set in the time of... příběh se odehrává v době … |
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· Explain in English following expressions: - title - hardback - paperback - setting - contents |
- preface - epilogue - hero - chapter - illustration · What information does the title page usually offer? |
· Summary, bibliography and references are relevant parts of some type of books. Which ones? What do these parts contain? · Use other way for expressing the same or similar meaning: - the book deals with - _______________________ - the story gives a picture of - _________________ - the plot of the story is not very complicated ____________________ |
d) Composition (kompozice):
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happy ending šťastný konec, happy end loose composition [lu:s kompə’zišn] volná kompozice open ending otevřený závěr plot [plot] dějová zápletka |
simple/ complicated plot jednoduchá/ složitá zápletka surprising turn at the end překvapivý zvrat na konci the climax is the scene ...[klaimæks, si:n] vrcholem je scéna… there’s no plot nemá žádný děj |
e) Character (postavy):
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hero [hiərəu] hrdina heroine [herəuin] hrdinka idealised [ai’diəlaizd] idealizovaný |
main character hlavní postava secondary character vedlejší postava |
the characters are alive postavy jsou životné villain [vilən] padouch, zlosyn |
f) Fairy-tale world (pohádkový svět):
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become invisible [in’vizibl] stát se neviditelným bogy [bəugi] bubák bring misfortune on sb. [mis’fo:čn] přinést neštěstí (komu) change into an animal proměnit ve zvíře devil [devl] ďábel dragon [drægən] drak dwarf [dwo:f] trpaslík elf (pl. elves) [elf/elvz] skřítek elves play tricks on people [triks] skřítkové provádějí lidem zlomyslné kousky fairy [feəri] víla ghost [gəust] duch ghostly light strašidelné světlo giant [džaiənt] obr haunt a house [hont] v domě straší haunted house strašidelný dům, dům, kde straší have power to bewitch sb [bi’wič] mít moc začarovat (koho) |
king král magician [mə‘džišn] kouzelník, čaroděj poltergeist [poltəgaist] duch (hřmotný) prince [prins] princ princess [prin’ses] princezna queen [kwi:n] královna sprite [sprait] skřítek, šotek supernatural being [sjupə’næčərl bi:iŋ] nadpřirozená bytost the Fates [feits] sudičky to harm people by looking at them [ha:m] škodit lidem pohledem vanish [væniš] zmizet water sprite [sprait] rusalka, vodní víla (wicked) witch [wikid wič] ježibaba wizard [wizəd] kouzelník, čaroděj wood sprite lesní víla |
g) Fairy tale characters (pohádkové postavy):
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Cinderella [sində’elə] Popelka Simple Simon [simpl saimən] Hloupý Honza Sleeping Beauty [bju:ti] Šípková Růženka Snow-White [snəu wait] Sněhurka |
h) The form of a book has changed (forma knihy se změnila):
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e-book elektronická kniha manuscript [mænjuskript] rukopis |
papyrus [pæ’paiərəs] papyrus parchment [pa:čmənt] pergamen |
printing press [printiŋ pres] tiskařský lis |
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