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Reading books

 READING BOOKS

a) Types of literature (druhy literatury):

Non-fiction [nonfikšn] (odborná literatura):

art book  umělecká publikace

atlas [ætləs] atlas

Bible [baibl] bible

biography [bai’ogrəfi] životopis

encyclopaedia [in,saiklə’pi:diə]  encyklopedie

technical and scientific literature [saiən’tifik] odborná a vědecká literatura

textbook učebnice

travelogue [trævlog] cestopis

 

Fiction (beletrie):

adventure novel/story [əd’venčə] dobrodružný román/povídka

comics [komiks] komiks

crime novel [kraim] detektivní román

fable [feibl] bajka

fairy tale [feəri teil] pohádka

folk literature [fəuk] lidová slovesnost

historical novel / story historický román/povídka

juvenile literature [džu:vənail] dětská literatura

legend [ledžənd] legenda

novel [novl] román

novel of contemporary life [kən’temporəri] román ze současného života

pulp novel [palp] brak

romance [rəu‘mæns] milostný román

science fiction / sci-fi [sai-fai] vědeckofantastická literatura

short story povídka

spy novel [spai] špionážní román

thriller [θrilə] detektivka

western kovbojka, western

 

Poetry:

children’s rhyme [raim] dětské říkanky

collection / book of poems [kə’lekšn] básnická sbírka

poem [pəuim] báseň

 

·   What is the difference between non-fiction and fiction? Which books belong to non-fiction?

·   What are the main genres of the fiction?

·   What kind of literature is usually read by: 

-   children

-   teenagers

-   adults?

·   What does the term pulp novel say about the book?

·   Look at the groups of words and decide in what kind of book they probably occur:

-   knight, poltergeist, dragon, wizard;

-   saloon, gunfighter, Red Indians, horse,    

    villain;

-   king, knight, castle, war;

-   space rocket, extra-terrestrial beings, time

    machine, colonization of an unknown planet;

-   Europe, rivers, mountain ranges,

    Equator;

-   Gothic architecture, Renaissance

    paintings, Baroque church,  

    antique furniture;

-   Fox, Crow, cheese;

-   wrecked ship, deserted island,

   Robinson, jungle;

-   bank robbery, investigation of the

    police, murderer;

 

b) What is in a book? (co je v knize)

author’s name [o:θəz] jméno autora

title of the book [taitl] název knihy

title page [peidž] titulní stránka

chapter [čæptə] kapitola

contents [kən’tent] obsah

introduction [intrə’dakšn] úvod

summary [saməri] resumé, stručný obsah; shrnutí

bibliography [bibli’ogrəfi] bibliografie; seznam použité literatury

reference [refərens] odkaz (na co)

illustration [ilə’streišn] ilustrace

book jacket [buk džækit] knižní obal

first published in... [pablišt] poprvé  vydána v

hardback edition [ha:dbæk i'dišn] vázaná kniha (s tuhými deskami)

paperback edition [peipəbæk] brožovaná kniha (s měkkými deskami)

epilogue [epilog] doslov*

preface [prefis] předmluva

 

c) Subject and setting of a book (námět, místo a doba děje):

basic subject / theme [sabdžəkt/ θi:m] hlavní téma

be interested in personal relationship zajímat se o osobní vztahy

deal with st.(dealt/dealt) [di:l/delt] pojednávat (o čem)

describe st. [dis’kraib] popisovat (co)

give a picture of... podat obraz (čeho)

setting [setiŋ] místo a doba děje

the story is set in the time of... příběh se odehrává v době …

 

·      Explain in English following expressions:

-    title

-    hardback

-    paperback

-    setting

-    contents

-    preface

-    epilogue

-    hero

-    chapter

-    illustration

·      What information does the title page usually offer?

·      Summary, bibliography and references are relevant parts of some type of books. Which ones? What do these parts contain?

·      Use other way for expressing the same or similar meaning:

-    the book deals with - _______________________

-    the story gives a picture of - _________________

-    the plot of the story is not very complicated ____________________

 

d) Composition (kompozice):

happy ending šťastný konec, happy end

loose composition [lu:s kompə’zišn] volná kompozice

open ending otevřený závěr

plot [plot] dějová zápletka

simple/ complicated plot jednoduchá/ složitá zápletka

surprising turn at the end překvapivý zvrat na konci

the climax is the scene ...[klaimæks, si:n] vrcholem je scéna…

there’s no plot nemá žádný děj

 

e) Character (postavy):

hero [hiərəu] hrdina

heroine [herəuin] hrdinka

idealised [ai’diəlaizd] idealizovaný

main character hlavní postava

secondary character vedlejší postava

the characters are alive postavy jsou životné

villain [vilən] padouch, zlosyn

 

f)   Fairy-tale world (pohádkový svět):

become invisible [in’vizibl] stát se neviditelným

bogy [bəugi] bubák

bring misfortune on sb. [mis’fo:čn] přinést neštěstí (komu)

change into an animal proměnit ve zvíře

devil [devl] ďábel

dragon [drægən] drak

dwarf [dwo:f] trpaslík

elf (pl. elves) [elf/elvz] skřítek

elves play tricks on people [triks] skřítkové provádějí lidem zlomyslné kousky

fairy [feəri] víla

ghost [gəust] duch

ghostly light strašidelné světlo

giant [džaiənt] obr

haunt a house [hont] v domě straší

haunted house strašidelný dům, dům, kde straší

have power to bewitch sb [bi’wič] mít moc začarovat (koho)

king král

magician [mə‘džišn] kouzelník, čaroděj

poltergeist [poltəgaist] duch (hřmotný)

prince [prins] princ

princess [prin’ses] princezna

queen [kwi:n] královna

sprite [sprait]  skřítek, šotek

supernatural being [sjupə’næčərl bi:iŋ] nadpřirozená bytost

the Fates [feits] sudičky

to harm people by looking at them [ha:m] škodit lidem pohledem

vanish [væniš] zmizet

water sprite [sprait] rusalka, vodní víla

(wicked) witch [wikid wič] ježibaba

wizard [wizəd] kouzelník, čaroděj

wood sprite lesní víla

 

g) Fairy tale characters (pohádkové postavy):

Cinderella [sində’elə] Popelka

Simple Simon [simpl saimən] Hloupý Honza

Sleeping Beauty [bju:ti] Šípková Růženka

Snow-White [snəu wait] Sněhurka

 

h) The form of a book has changed (forma knihy se změnila):

e-book elektronická kniha

manuscript [mænjuskript] rukopis

papyrus [pæ’paiərəs] papyrus

parchment [pa:čmənt] pergamen

printing press [printiŋ pres] tiskařský lis

 

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